This package provides the driver version 4. In fact, I found a blog posting describing how to do this. A couple of weeks ago I got 3x WD Gold 8TB drives (WD8003FRYZ) running in a PowerEdge T410 with a PERC H700. The first firmware update added support for >2TB drives on the H700 controller. We needed to do a firmware update and put the bios into UEFI before it would recognize the full size of the drives. 4-0001. 10. Table 1. 11 KB. I have saw the listed link for supported Raid controller of R710. Maximum Size SSD for XPS 8940. regards. If the card will detect the drives properly and allow you to make a volume (RAID 5 in your case) and you are good to go. 5x6) that we loaded up with 3TB drives. W. File Format: ZipPack External. The PERC 6 does not support disks larger than 2TB. 53 MB. I'm trying to get my Dell R710 with PERC H700 controller to detect the correct size of my 4TB SATA drives. How do i get EMC hard drives to work in a Dell Poweredge R510? 0. 38GB of Available RAID Disk Space, while the other three drives all showed the same capacity, but the metrics were flipped for used/available space. I'll need to double check this, but I believe the PERC6 family had a 2TB maximum. ". Download the file to a folder on your hard. Device Management. Good afternoon, I wondering the max size of single HDD I can use in my stock T110ii server?Min/Max RAM 1GB/32GB 1GB/32GB 1GB/128GB Drive Bays 4 x 3. They said 8tb may work with a firmware update (Here) The maximum internal storage on that tear sheet is the maximum that Dell offers preconfigured, not the limits of the hardware. This appears to be the issue, as I was able to issue "dd" commands only when I set bs=520 or some multiple of 520. Hard Drive Controllers –. Integrated LSI 1068e SAS/SATA 3. Has anyone been able to get the Seagate ST8000NM0075 8TB drives working I have a Dell R515 I want to repurpose for storage with 8 8Tb drives in RAID 10 I believe. H730 Max Drive Size. 93GHZ 12-Core. Drive Controller PERC H200, PERC H700, SAS 6/iR, PERC 6/i, PERC S100, PERC S300 PERC H200, PERC H700,. 2TB drives (2. The PERC H7XX series controller cards cost in the $800 range, and a half dozen 3TB hard drives cost about $900. File Size: 2. When the File Download window appears, click Save to save the file to your hard drive. 2. H710 B0 Full Size Part Numbers:1. 64, A02. Re-assign (greater than) 2TB SED Hot Spares. Table 2. Insert drive. 6-0001_A12_ZPE. 5” SAS or SSDs Maximum Internal Storage1 Up to 12TB Hard Drives Hot-plug hard drive options: 2. 10. Download the file to a folder on your hard drive, and then. The most optimal workaround would be to add one more drive (H330 supports span RAID arrays) in RAID 10. See Figure 1. The current config for the RAID is 3 2TB HDD assigned to 2 VD's, RAID 0, so 2 6 TB drives. Get an H200 or H310 card to replace the H700. 03. Dell OpenManage Enterprise. File Size: 2. OS: RAID 0 (500GB) DATA: RAID 5 (893. But mixing 512–byte and 4KB native block size drives are not allowed. File Name: DELL_PERC-H700-ADAPTER_A08_R313326. Measure the performance in RAID 1, using 2 drives (a simple mirror): You can see that the drives performed about 3x. However, by using port multipliers it supports more than 8 drives (e. The PERC H700 Modular card with one x4 internal SAS port and a BBU supports the PCIe 2. cluster with your existing PowerScale or Isilon nodes to drive your traditional and modern applications. FW Package Build: 12. See Figure 1 for a view of the PERC H700 Integrated card (adapter version is the same with the addition of a sled for adhering to the PCIe slot connection). To ensure the integrity of your download, please verify the. 7. #1. - The PERC5 and PERC6-series support virtual disks over 2TB, but they are limited to 2TB maximum physical disk size. 4TB at least from the supported HDD so anything larger would be too. It’s been a while but I have put a 6TB drive in an h700 and it worked. 702. 2 Locate and download the latest PERC H700 or H800 driver to the system. 2. 3 spans). 1. 0. 21-03-2016 08:00 AM. you can do a Reconfigure to expand it to fill the full size of the disks, but you must have your H700 at the latest firmware (update iDRAC/LCC, BIOS, and PERC driver first). The following table compares the hardware configurations for the PERC H310, H710, H710P, and H810 cards. Dell Hardware. Im using a DELL r710 server with a PERC H700 RAID card set in a RAID 10 configuration. I just bought a T7500 with a PERC 6/i controller a few months ago and just found out empirically that the PERC 6 does not work with 3TB drives (I'm currently using 1. So if that's an issue you should probably look into more modern servers. One slim type drive bay for DVD-ROM or DVD+/-RW Maximum Internal Storage1 Up to 12TB Hard Drives Hot-plug hard drive options: 2. For example: $ inxi -RD Drives: Local Storage: total: 2. No maximum however is defined. When I look at the options for the drive under the "Physical Disks on Controller PERC H700 Integrated screen" I get an "Offline" option. Cache options include standard 512 MB with BBU, 512 MB non-volatile cache, or 1 GB non-volatile cache. LSI 9260-8i. 00-rh2 CLI Version: 8. Format Description: This file contains a compressed (or zipped) set of files. Cache Max Drives Supported Dell PERC H740P PCIe Raid Controller 8GB Cache Dell 14th Gen PCIe Yes Yes Yes 8GB 32 Dell PERC H740P Mini Raid Controller Dell 14th Gen Mini Yes Yes Yes 8GB 32 Dell PERC H830 PCIe Raid Controller Dell 13th & 14th Gen PCIe Yes Yes No 2GB 255 Dell PERC H730P Mini Raid Controller Dell 13th & 14th Gen Mini Yes Yes Yes 2GB. 2. 5" drive available before, but the R710 is currently configurable with a 1TB 2. Source: Documentation (below), and personal experience in Dell Storage Support. Dell PowerEdge T410 Technical Guide 8 Feature T310 T410 T610Page 69: Driver Installation. Extending a Virtual Disk allows. My plan Perc i6 to H700 on R610. Like we'd talked about in the other thread, I haven't seen an upper bound on the controllers later than the HX10 family. File Name: DELL_PERC-H700-ADAPTER_A02_R269685. 0. Two factors now determine the maximum amount of storage that can be used in a single virtual disk:A couple of weeks ago I got 3x WD Gold 8TB drives (WD8003FRYZ) running in a PowerEdge T410 with a PERC H700. As also stated, flashing the dell firmware off of the controller and over to the LSI mfgr firmware MAY allow for 8TB disks to be used. Dell OEM hard. Yes, I know, the Perc H700 spec says it supports 2. PERC H310, H710, H710P, and H810 Cards Hardware ConfigurationsThe H200 adapter is flashed to the most current levels available from Dell (Dell PERC H200 Adapter, v. H700 has issues with some 4k sectored drives, H710 is fine. 5 SAS/SATA bays and a PERC 700 controller. 4. 27-01-2022 23:00 PM. And hopefully others will benefit in some way from my reply. 7-0001. Trying to create a new Raid 10 VD using 4 x Netapp Savvio 10K 600G SAS drives (2. $ omreport storage pdisk controller=0 vdisk=0 | grep -v ": Not " List of Physical Disks belonging to root Controller PERC H700 Integrated (Embedded) ID : 0:0:0 Status : Ok Name : Physical Disk 0:0:0 State : Online Power Status : Spun Up Bus Protocol : SAS Media : HDD Failure Predicted : No Revision : HT64 T10 PI Capable : No Certified : Yes. I have saw the listed link for supported Raid controller of R710. 1 Ensure that there is no preserved cache on the PERC adapter. Although there is no size limit on the H700, but RAID5 48TB would take least a week to rebuild if a failure of 1 drive occurred, and likeliness to encounter raid puncture is high. It's my understanding that adding more drives to a. So, 3-600GB drives are configures as RAID 5 with WB enabled. 5" SATA drive. 0: 2x4 external: 512MB 512MB NV 1GB NV:It looks like the issue you are running into is that the Perc 6/i controller will not see drives larger then 2TB. We needed to do a firmware update and put the bios into UEFI before it would recognize the full size of the drives. . I've run into a seemingly unsolvable problem trying to get my Dell PERC H710 to talk to 8TB SAS drives. 0. Replacing the TBBU on a PERC 5/E, PERC 6/E, PERC H700, or PERC H800 NOTE: The Transportable Battery Backup Unit (TBBU) on the storage controller consists of a DIMM and a BBU. Download and install the drivers and firmware for the PERC H730P card. Place all loose beer bottles on flats or leave them in. I'd like to get some 4TB SAS drives in a raid, and trying to find the best controller. I'm using the latest version of ESXi 5. This effectively limits the maximum number of drives in a RAID 10 array to 16 drives (8 spans of 2 drives each). PERC H700 and H200 support hard drive capacity of greater than 2 TB. 0: 2x4 Internal: 512 MB, 512 MB NV, 1 GB NV. H700 and H710 support drives >2TB. Two virtual disks, the OS at RAID 1 on disks 1-2 and RAID 5 on disks 3-8. Defaults : ===== Phy Polarity = 0 Phy PolaritySplit = 0 Strip Size. I am about to purchase a Dell R610 and use a H700 RAID controller. The Dell PowerEdge RAID Controller (PERC) H310, H710, H710P, and H810 family of storage controller cards has the following characteristics: • Complies with serial-attached SCSI (SAS) 2. According to a Compatibility Summary from HGST, the drive should work with a non-reduced capacity. Since H700 does not support disks larger than 2TB. The Dell PERC H740P has 8GB of cache and a battery backup. txt. Pretty sure every. File Size: 4. The SAS/PERC6i Cards had a limitation of the drives specifically, Max 2TB, MBR format only, 512 drives only. set of files. Download the file to a folder on your hard drive, and then run (double-click) it to unzip the set of files. . txt. Comparison of PERC H700 Modular to PERC 6/I Modular and CERC 6/I. We use the mid-market rate for our Converter. 1GB/32GB . Format Description: This file contains a compressed (or zipped) set of files. Server01, Dell PowerEdge R710, 4 processors, 4 GB memory, 4 HDD 146 GB 15. Max Drive Support RAID Support; PERC 5/E Adapter: 3 Gb/s SAS: PCI-E 1. 93GHZ 12-Core 64gb 8x Trays Perc6i Dell PowerEdge R710 2. 5” hard drive option; optional flex bay expansion to support half-height TBU. Having read various conflicting reports from different people and different places about what the H700 with 12. To ensure the integrity of your download, please verify the. Download the file to a folder on your hard drive, and then run (double-click) it to unzip the set of files. Mixed SAS/SATA drives cannot be combined in a single common virtual disk or RAID set, but you can create separate VDs with various types (RAID1 on SAS, and a separate RAID5 on SATA). Typical options are 16, 32, 64 and 128 kB, but many professional RAID controllers also offer smaller stripe sizes, and some even support sizes as large as 256 kB. During boot, this is what CTRL-C says: For Dell SAS Ctlr V7. The PERC H700 (with the latest firmware) can support drives larger even than 2TB, so 1TB drives are just fine. 5″ solid state drives with two RAID controllers for processing data. I have a similar system, but it uses Intel DC S3100 SATA drives. 0: 2x4 Internal: 512 MB, 512 MB NV, 1 GB NV. Download. Separate beer and pop cans onto flats of no more than 24, or leave them in their original cases. . H700 Integrated/Adapter: 6 Gb/s SAS: PCI-E2. Hi, I would like to know maximum drive size and the maximum number of drives that the PERC H700 integrated RAID controller, 512 MB supports for Dell PowerEdge R715. See the Storage section for details. File Name: SAS_RAID_Firmware_H700A_RELNOTES_12. The PERC H700 Integrated card is installed in the dedicated internal storage slot of the server. 3. 0 x8 interface and throughput of 6Gb/s. 5” hot-swap hard drives and One slim type drive bay for DVD-ROM or DVD+/-RW Maximum Internal Storage1 Up to 12TB Hard Drives Hot-plug hard drive options: 2. For hardware raid cards, the maximum stripe size is often 1MB, so this would be the best option in those situations. 7 Technologist. Take away: Firmware update to see the drive 2TB+ and UEFI to see the array at greater than 4TB Oct 4th, 2016 at 6:11 AM. 5" and 3. 2x 150GB 2. 1. Cache Memory Size: Write Back Cache: RAID Levels: Max Drive Support: RAID Support: PERC H800 Adapter: 6Gb/s SAS: PCI-Express 2. We have the 3. 10. Max Drives to Spinup at One Time = 2 Maximum number of direct attached drives to spin up in 1 min = 0 Delay Among Spinup Groups (sec) = 12 Allow Boot with Preserved Cache = Off. (OMSA). Array size is limited only by the maximum size drive the card will recognize and the number of slots in the backplane. How to expand a RAID array after adding new SATA hard drives to a Dell PowerEdge T320 on a PERC H710 Adapter. I want to upgrade to Server 2012 R2 and have installed a PERC H700 RAID controller. 0 providing up to 6 Gb/sec throughput. First, indeed, using 4TB drives in RAID 5 is not the best option due to rebuild time. Re-assign (greater than) 2TB SED Hot Spares. 14 Hardware Controller ProductName : PERC H700 Integrated (Bus 0, Dev 0) SAS Address : 50026b9061694500 FW Package Version: 12. 1. H730 Max Drive Size . Download the file to a folder on your hard drive, and then. That virtual disk is now almost out of space so I've bought 3 more Dell 2TB SAS disks and stuck them in the R510. The table below will detail the max capacity, maximum number of disks, RAID level and other information based on the PERC Controller model. (512 byte physical sector size drives only - 512n or 512e). 5" Surveillance SATA. Max hard drive size (Dell R610 / PERC H700) Hi, Does any know what the maximum individual drive capacity is on a R610 with a H700 RAID card. 1 GB non-volatile cache. 2K) Cabled hard drive options: 5. When the File Download window appears, click Save to save the file to your hard. Read More. 6 comments Add a Comment [deleted] • 7 yr. 3. but are significantly different in size, configuration. 6K RPM, PERC 6/i Controller, Windows Server 2003, SQL Server 2000. Consider using enterprise class drives and not WD Red consumer or NAS drives. PERC HBA required for 8- and 12-drive chassis configuration :. 1) Replace your PERC H700 with a H300 or similiar which allows direct pass-through and not virtual drives. I'm looking to construct the largest possible internal RAID6 on an R510 with an H700 1GB. 0. PERC H700 RAID controllers are compatible with select Dell PowerEdge servers. So my plan now, after learning that the HCL isn't necessarily 100% inclusive of compatible hardware, is to use a RAID 5 array of 3x 300GB WD 2. 03. 1,010 7 8. 2. 5” SAS SSD, SATA SSD, SAS (10K)There is no issue. Search. 0-0032 12. It looks like the H700 is supported for the r410. 0025 Driver version Dell 4. For the 2. Dell PERC H700 Integrated, PERC H700 Adapter, PERC H800 Adapter, PERC H700 Modular driver version 4. 40GHz 32GB PERC H700 8-Bay SFF 2U 8C Server $60. The Intel is caching the raid 1 500Gb array, while the Samsung is cacheing the raid 5 array, 4x 3Gb WD red drives. File Format: ZipPack External. 1GB/64GB . Max Drive Support RAID Support; PERC 5/E Adapter: single RAID 0 data volumes greater than 2TB are available as factory-installed option with the optional PERC6 RAID. 0. Drive Bays Eight 2. ago. I'm having a hard time understanding the spec. Instructions. Now, looking in the PERC config, the option to. Max Drive Support RAID Support; PERC 5/E Adapter: 3 Gb/s SAS: PCI-E 1. 30 Posts. and states. This. File Name: SAS_RAID_Firmware_H700I_RELNOTES_12. 0). 5” SAS hard drive configuration SAS HDD 15K rpm—6 Gb (Toshiba MK3001GRRB) PERC H800 PowerEdge R710 20 x 2. Management applications for the PERC S130 The management applications enable you to manage and configure the RAID system, create. We have recently added a sixth of the road which is much smaller (512 against 4 TBS) we want to. 31. 5") will work on the PERC 5, 6, and H700. It came with a perc 6i that only supports 2GB drives max. The H700 doesn't support an IT mode (can't be cross-flashed to an HBA firmware). 3TB drives are only supported on the PERC H700; support was added via firmware update, so if you buy one, make sure to update the controller firmware for 3TB support. Once its updated, enter the Ctrl R bios and check the status of the drives here. I have ProxMox installed on a 4TB physical hard drive that's set up as a one-disk RAID 0. Max Drive Support RAID Support; PERC 5/E Adapter: 3 Gb/s SAS: PCI-E 1. Format Description: This file contains a compressed (or zipped) set of files. txt. Bottle Depot Sorting Guidelines. There is also some reference to a Dell-Shared-PERC8 driver, but there is no mention of this for VMware 8. 5” SAS SSD, SATA SSD, SAS (10K, 15K), nearline SAS. Scale the queue-depth through 96, 128 and 256, re-running the test each time to see where the performance flattens off. PCIe Maximum Link Width : Not Applicable Sector Size : 512B Device Write Cache : Not Applicable. Posted by Jacob9339 on Mar 27th, 2015 at 9:10 AM. what's the largest sized SATA drives that you have successfu. 2_UG. According to all the online RAID calculators I've tried (links below), we should have at least 1395GB of storage on the virtual volume [According to this formula : (465-(465/4))*4 ]. 0: 2x4 Internal: 512 MB, 512 MB NV, 1 GB NV. Last year, the largest drive offered direct from Dell for the H710 was 6TB. I want to replace the drives with 1GB SSD's and so there is two ways I can go about this. You would need a PERC 6 or some other controller to use all of the drive bays. Find the best download for your system Please enter your product details to view the latest driver information for your system. I found a utility that runs on Linux called sg_utils. 6. If you are implementing hybrid server platforms based6Gb/s Throughput, Maximum Link Speed, and Negotiated Link Speed. Based on my Googling, Dell caused all non-Dell hard drives to immediately fault. The goal is to increase the virtual drive space to take care of the new, larger drives. 10. set of files. It's definitely fixed in Dell firmware. I hope DELL adds this support to the PERC 6 line as well, for drives in excess of 2TB. 64 running for Dell PERC H700/H800 for the following Windows operating systems: Windows 2003 Server 64bit. Maximum Internal Storage1 Up to 18TB Hard Drives Hot-plug hard drive options: 2. File Name: SAS_RAID_H700I_12. 5” hard drive option; Optional support half-height TBU Maximum internal storage1 Up to 24TB Hard drives Hot-plug hard drive options: 2. 1x Poweredge R720. kris. 1. Format Description: This file format contains plain text which can be viewed with a standard text editor. It will be running 8 Virtual Machines and every VM is running SQL. Although there is no size limit on the H700, but RAID5 48TB would take least a week to rebuild if a failure of 1 drive occurred, and likeliness to encounter raid puncture is high. 00 (2011. 0GB/s controller supports (ONLY) host-based RAID 0 or 1. 5‖ Optional hot-plug 4 x 2. Hi there, We have just bought and installed a pair of disks for our H700 in a R415: Product Name : PERC H700 Adapter. The cache on RAID cards is generally RAM level speeds, which is in the thousands of bits per second range. Dell Hardware. Example - plugging a 6Gb/s hard drive into a 3Gb/s backplane will result in the speed being 3Gb/s. PERC H310, H710, H710P, and H810 Cards Hardware ConfigurationsWe would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. Either way the 12 2TB drives will work. 100GB hard drives are likely to have become rarer, and could actually cost more than a 500GB drive, although the 500GB drive may have superior specifications (in size and speed). 00 Any. 5x5TB drives running in Dell firmware for H200. Version. The Remaining Rated Write Endurance parameter may not be correctly displayed for certain SATA SSD Drives like the Liteon. The PERC H700 (internal) and PERC H800 (external) RAID controllers mark the next stage in the evolution of the DellTM PowerEdgeTM RAID controller portfolio with the. As of yesterday, the replaced drive 0:0:1 was showing a capacity of 558. If the drive has data on it presently, you might have to choose to "Convert to RAID" for the drive, depending on the drive source. Upvote 0 Downvote. 21-03-2016 08:00 AM. Dell says they should work (at least what I read in their forums) See my last post on your previous question. When the R710 was released, 2TB was the largest supported, and 3TB were not common. The server will also be on a UPS. ago. PERC 6/E with 256MB or 512MB of battery-backed cache External HBAs (non-RAID): 6Gbps SAS HBA SAS 5/E HBA LSI2032 PCIe SCSI HBA Drive bays Cabled hard drive options: Up to four 3. PERC H700 Firmware Version 12. PERC H700 MegaCLI command? I have a PowerEdge T310 with a PERC H700 RAID card. In this example, the new 4 disks are inserted from slot-2 to slot-5. I think the SAS 6 only supports up to 4 HDDs; which would make the max storage 8TB. 10. Follow the instructions to complete the installation. Recommended. I have a Poweredge R710 with a PERC H700 RAID controller. 8. make sure this is set to Maximum performance. It is wise to have the same size disks if possible in order to minimize space loss. 06. 1. dbeato wrote: adrian_ych wrote: With updated firmware, Dell Perc 6i supports the Dell 4TB SATA drives. Click on the Hardware tab. 0GB/s controller supports (ONLY) host-based RAID 0 or 1. 06. PERC H700(latest firmware) with 3 - 600GB SAS drives and 1 - 300GB SAS drive on the same channel. Format Description: This file format contains plain text which can be viewed with a standard text editor. exe. File Name: SAS_RAID_Firmware_H700A_RELNOTES_12. The material is limited to 3 Gbps. #1. 1st post. 15. 5” hard drive option or 8 x 3. It says there is a max storage cap of 12TB for the entire system, but does not specify a disk size restriction. If you have any other controller you can use a 2TB drive (part number 341-9722) Let me know if this helps. 0. The documentation indicates this firmware supports drives larger than 2TB. I would not, however, use desktop or NAS drives. PERC H200 (6Gb/s) PERC H700 (6Gb/s) with 512MB battery-backed cache; 512MB, 1GB Non-Volatile battery-backed cache. S. 2) Use the smartctl workaround that passes the command through to the controller directly instead of the drive. While it is possible to set Read Ahead or Adaptive Read Ahead on PERC 8 or PERC 9, there is no functional difference. Do you want to know how to use the Dell PowerEdge RAID Controller H200 , a 6 Gb/s SAS RAID controller that supports up to 16 devices? Download this PDF document and get the user's guide that covers everything from installation to troubleshooting. 4 drives are in RAID 5 (3x 465GB and 1x 931GB). 10. Download the file to a folder on your hard drive, and then run (double-click) it to unzip the set of files. 5" SSDs, but unless I'm mistaken, the EP7011 is of a newer generation than the R710 and H700. thanks. Hello Ian S, With the H700 you can replace the failed drive with newer drives. We have PowerEdge R510 with PERC H700 Raid controller. About 520MB/s read / write with almost any size file. The table below will detail the max capacity, maximum number of disks, RAID level and other information based on the PERC Controller model. 0 x4The Dell PERC H700 RAID controller has a PCI-Express 2. Controller (PERC) H700. Tha. Perc H700 - "Predictive failure" question. 7-0001 FW Version: 2. See the Storage section for details. 1. 2 Perform a controlled shutdown of the system and. tabasco. Server02, Dell PowerEdge R710, 12 processors, 12 GB memory, 3 HDD 3TB GB 7. 4. 0. the drives are the seagate st4000nm0014 and they are brand new out of the boxI'll need to double check this, but I believe the PERC6 family had a 2TB maximum. Double-click on the RAID controller for which you want to update the driver. 5” SATA SSD, SAS (10K)5. Samuel (Dell) Brand Representative for Dell Technologies. 5". IMPORTANT NOTE! Only the Dell H700 and H800 currently support the 3TB drives (H200 will add support later this year) - NO earlier controllers, such as the PERC4/5/6, SAS5/6 (or ANY other Dell controller not mentioned) have this support and. G302D, 0G302D 3. Julie Pelletier. Thanks & Regards AmitLearn how to install, configure, and troubleshoot the Dell PERC 6/i RAID controller with this comprehensive user's guide. I'd like to know if random reads from the volume are automatically load-ballanced between the mirrored parts of the RAID. If you have SATA 3 drives. HappyAmateur, The largest drive we offer for the T110 is a 3TB Hitachi (part number CWJ92). Should I assume the HDD cap is 2TB (* 6 bays)? The PERC H700 (internal) and PERC H800 (external) RAID controllers mark the next stage in the evolution of the DellTM PowerEdgeTM RAID controller portfolio with the introduction of 6Gb/s SAS (SAS 2. Hi! We have a PowerEdge R715 server that's configured with a RAID5 (6 SAS 600GB disks). 00, A09). Use CTRL-R or OMSS to issue Instant Secure Erase to all un-configured (greater than) 2TB SED drives (all data in these drives will be lost) 5.